METHOD STATEMENT OF ROUGHNESS INDEX

Introduction:  Roughness is the distortion in the road profile, which is of main concern to the road users. It is caused due to the inherent properties of materials and the construction techniques. The pavement surface roughness is expressed as Unevenness or Roughness Index (in mm/ km) measured through Fifth Wheel Bump Integrator or Car Axle Mounted Bump Integrator. Bump Integrator also known as Roughometer or Automatic Road Unevenness Recorder gives quantitative integrate evaluation of surface irregularities on an digital counter / LCD screen. It comprises of a single wheeled trailer, with a pneumatic tyre mounted on a chassis, on which an integrating device is fitted . The operating speed of the machine should be 32±0.5 km/hr. The machine is towed by a vehicle, usually a jeep without disturbing the accuracy of the unevenness-measuring wheel.

Reference Code : RC:SP:16-2019

Procedure : Following procedure should be adopted while performing the test on finished road:

1.For bump integrator reading, first decide the stretch to be tested

2.Then at starting point i.e. at 0 distance, the BI reading is adjusted to “0” cm.

3.The instrument is driven over the stretch with a speed of  (32 +/- 2 km/h) on LHS and after crossing the end point marking; BI reading is taken and noted.

4.The result of bump integrator is generated in terms of count per km, which is the accumulation of the number of pulses in the total stretch.

5.Same test is repeated considering the speeds as mentioned above along in the stretches on RHS.

Recommended Standard Specification for Bituminous Concrete  

<1800 mm per Km

 

 

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HIGHWAY ENGINEER INTERVIEW QUESTION AND ANSWER

There are so many mails received by viewer’s or visitor of my site to provide a clear idea how to face interview for a highway engineer.

First of all , keep in mind  employers wish to hire people that are confident in their interviews.But how do they judge this? and what are the simplest ways to point out confidence in an interview so you’ll get hired faster?
Here are the some best questions and answers which is usually asked during interview from highway engineer in any good organization.Hope it will be fruitful to you .

Q 1. Tell me about yourself?

Ans: “Hello, my name is XYZ. I am a professional with a degree/diploma in Civil Engg in 20xx. My qualifications include xyz years of experience in infrastructure project especially in Highway Project & deals with  execution aspect.I started my carrier with building project with XXX (Name of First company ) as a Diploma I Degree Trainee Engineer and after that gone to YYY  {Name of second company) Site Engineer; after 2017 I engaged in highway project and joined in ZZZ (Name of third company) as Highway Engineer & successfully completed xyz National /State highway project.

At present, I am responsible for raising RFI, making bed of Soil/GSB/WMM , maintain strip chart according to progress,planning for the next day prorgramme and   follow the instruction my seniors & do the whatever job assigned to me.

Q 2.What types of pavement is there?

Ans: Flexible /Rigid pavement.

Q 3.What is the crust thickness of pavement in your project?

Ans:650 mm(GSB 250 mm,CTB 200 mm,WMM (Crack Relief Layer)100 mm, DBM 50 mm & BC 50mm). For service road 330 mm- CTGSB 180 mm , WMM 100 mm (Crack relief layer )& BC 50 mm.

 Q 4. How much quantity of Earth work, GSB, WMM & Bituminous work is there? 

Ans: Earth Work -3000000 m³, GSB 200000 m³, CTB 170000³ ,WMM 100000 m³ & DBM/BC 140000m³ or whatsoever in your project.

Q 5.What is difference between Flexible Pavement & Rigid pavement?

 FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT

  1. Deformation in the sub grade is transferred to upper layers.Have low flexural strength.
  2. Have low completion test but high repairing cost.
  3. Damaged by oil and chemicals.
  4. Design Based on load distribution factor

RIGID PAVEMENT

  1. Deformation in the sub grade
  2. is transferred to subsequence Layers.
  3. Have high flexural Strength.Have low repairing cost but high completion cost.
  4. No damage by oil or Greece.Design based on Flexural strength or slab action

Q 6 .How much staff is working under you , draw the organization chart & show your position ?

Ans: 4 staffs are working under me and draw the Organization chart on your own , show your position.

Q 7.Who is your consultant/IE ?

Ans : The name of my consultant/IE is xyz.

Q 8 .what is the name of Your IE Team Leader ?

Ans: The name of my consultant/IE Team Leader is Mr/Sri xyz.

Q 9.What is difference between OGL & NGL?

Ans:The first level taken of the natural ground without using any mechanical means is called NGL whereas the level taken after preparation of bed by using mechanical means Grader ,Doze, JCB & Roller  is called OGL.

Q 10.What do you know about this company?

Ans:As being an experienced candidate in this sector I’ve heard a lot about your organization.Your organization’s fame and prestige is what drove me here to apply for the  position when your job vacancy was posted on your site. I know that your company has been in business for over xyz years, with an excellent reputation in successful completion of highway project .Your company is providing good opportunities to new coming member owing to that I am sitting infront of you.

Q 11.Why dowel bar is being provided PQC pavement?

Ans: Dowel bars are required at expansion joints to transfer wheel loads to the adjacent slab. It is provided in the wheel paths only, it links the two adjacent structures by transferring loads across the joints.

Q 12.What is land width of shoulder in plain & rolling terrain?

Ans : Land width of shoulder will be either 2.0 m or 3.5 m depending  upon the situation.

Q 13.What do you understand by Sub-base & base course in flexible pavement ?

Ans : Sub – base course is the first  layer which is constructed immediately after the subgrade after the subgrade such as GSB & WBM etc.Base course is sandwich layer between wearing course and sub-base course.Base can have multiple layer such as CTB & WMM etc.

Q 14.What is the vertical clearance of LVUP VUP & CUP?

Ans : The vertical clearance of VUP,LVUP and CUP are 5.5 m,3.5m and 3.0 m simultaneously.

Q 15. What is the Minimum Right of way should be available (ROW) for 4 laning & 6 laning project? 

Ans: A minimum Right of Way (ROW) of 60 m should be available for development of a 4 laning and 6 laning project as per IRC SP 84-2014 and IRC SP 87-2013.

Q 16. What is the role of tie bar?

Ans :Tie bar is placed across longitudinal joints at the mid-depth of the slab .It prevent lanes from separation and differential deflections & transverse cracking These are installed by providing appropriate chair  or these are installed by providing appropriate (drilled) holes in the side forms depending on the size and spacing of bars. Generally 16 mm dia bar is being used.

Q 17.What is the role of joint sealant?

Ans : It seals the joint width and prevents water and dirt from entering the  joint which causing dowel bar corrosion and unexpected joint stress resulting from restrained movement.

Q18.What is the minimum relative percentage compaction requirement for embankment and subgrade ?

Ans: For embankment 95% & for subgrade 97 % relative compaction is required.

Q.19. What is the role of PVC dowel sheet ?

Ans :It serves to facilitate the movement of dowel bar.On one side of the joints,the dowel bar is encased in concrete.On the other side, however, the PVC dowel sleeve is bonded directly to concrete so that movement of dowel  bar can take place.

Q 20 Tell the level tolerance in Subgrade (For flexible Pavement) ?

Ans; Sub grade +/- 20 mm.

Q 21.What is bumping or pumping in subgrade & why occur?

Ans: A bumping/pumping in subgrade is similar to the concept to trying to compact something on matress means when soil compactor rolls over a prepared subgrade soil . it got compacted with staggered line but when roller cross over,  soil returns to its original position . This type of phenomena occurs when excess moisture is present in the prepared bed.

 Q 22.What do you understand by carriage way?

Ans: It is the width of the road which is used by the traffic for moving on it.It is generally central portion of the total land width and is paved and surfaced with the bituminous concrete  for service to the road users.

Q 23 .What is hard shoulder?

Ans:The hard shoulder is the area at the side of a motorway or other road where we are allowed to stop if our car breaks down.It is generally separated by white line.

Q 24. Why the saw cut joint is provided in road kerb?

Ans: Saw cut helps control cracking occurs due to shrinkage in Kerb.

Q 25. What is the role of separation member in Rigid Pavement? 

Ans: The separation membrane between concrete pavement slab and sub-base has mainly 4 function:

  1. It avoids the possibility of active aggressive agents from soil water being attached to the concrete slab.
  2. It prevents the loss of cement and water in immature concrete which significantly affects the strength and durability of hardened concrete.
  3. It reduces friction between concrete and sub-base.
  4.  It avoids the mixing up of sub-base materials and freshly placed concrete.

Q 26. What is the median width in raised condition in plain & Mountainous and Steep terrain?

Ans: In plain area generally 5.0 m but in built up area 2.5 m.In mountainous & steep terrain it is always 2.5 m.

Q 27. What is minimum bitumen content in DBM & BC for grade 1? 

Ans ; DBM 4.0 % & 5.2%

Q 28.Tell me the difference between Slope and Camber?

Ans : Slope is an area of ground that tends evenly upward or downward while camber is a slight convexity, or curvature of a surface of the road , so that water will flow off the sides .Camber is the transverse slope  provided to the road surface for the drainage of the rainwater for the better performance of the road. Camber can be written  as 1 in n or x%.

Q 29. What is the reason for rutting?

Ans: There are 5 main reason for rutting

  1. Heavy traffic axle.
  2. High temperature & using VG30 bitumen.
  3. Higher bitumen content.
  4. More fines.
  5. Less air voids in bituminous surface.

Q 30. For how many period flexible pavement design should be done?

Ans; Flexible pavement shall be designed for a minimum design period of 15 years or operation period, whichever is more.

Q 31. For how many period rigid pavement design should be done?

Ans; Rigid pavement shall be designed for a minimum design period of 30 years or operation period, whichever is more.

Q 32. ln tack coat & Prime coat which type of emulsion is used as per MORT&H 5th revision? 

Ans; In tack coat RS1 & in prime coat SS1

Q33.How much minimum longitudinal slope is required for lined drains and unlined drains ?

Ans: As far as possible, longitudinal slope shall not be less than 0.3 percent for lined drains and 1.0 percent for unlined drains.

Q 34. What should roughness Index be of finished wearing course?

Ans: Not more than 2000 mm/km for each lane in a km length.

Q35.What will the minimum thickness of bituminous overlay for pavement strengthening ?

Ans: The thickness of bituminous overlay for pavement strengthening shall not be less than 50 mm bituminous concrete after attending to the  requirements of profile corrective course.

Q 36. What  is the advantage of Cement Treated Base ?

 Ans: There are so many advantages of using CTB :

  1. CTB provides a durable, long-lasting base in all types of climates.
  2. Can speed up the Project Completion
  3. Can reduced thickness of pavement.
  4. Reduced Project Cost (approx. 8 to 10 thousand rupees per metre)
  5. Reduced consumption of aggregate.
  6. Reduced consumption of bitumen.

 Q 37. What will be the cross fall on straight sections of road carriageway, paved shoulders  of bituminous surface and paved portion of median for concrete surface in National Highway project?

Ans:The cross fall on straight sections of road carriageway, paved shoulders and paved portion of median will be 2.5% for bituminous surface and 2.0% for the cement concrete surface.

 Q 38. What is the justified minimum design speed for service road ?

Ans: A minimum design speed of 40 km/h shall be adopted for service roads. 

Q 39. In open country, on what space median openings shall be provided?

Ans: In open country, median openings shall not be spaced closer than 2 km. Additional controlled openings can be provided for inspection and diversion of traffic during repair and rehabilitation.

Q 40. In built area, on what space median openings shall be provided?

Ans; In built up area, median opening shall be provided as per site requirement and the spacing between two medians opening  in built up area shall not be less than 500 m.

Q 41.As per IRC what is the minimum dia of new pipe culvert, cushion & class to be used in National Highway?

Ans: As per IRC SP 84-014 minimum dia of new pipe culvert should not be less than 1200 mm & pipe should be NP4 pipe. Minimum depth of earth cushion over pipe excluding  road crust shall  not be less than 600 mm for new,reconstructed and retained culverts constructed in National Highway projects.

Q 42.What is the output of excavator having 1 m3 bucket?

Ans : 60 m3 /hour

Q 43. Why the mastic is being provided on deck slab ?

Ans: In most cases the protective layer is a Mastic Asphalt layer. This layer also serves as a second waterproofing layer. The non-porous mastic asphalt is usually used for the protective layer of the bridge pavement.

Q 44.What is your weakness?

  1. The first is my inability to share responsibilities.
  2. I lose my patience when I suspect that the other person isn’t doing it right. I’ve discussed these weaknesses with my supervisor as areas I’d like to improve.
  3. The third is I easily trust on anyone.

Q 45. Why you want to leave your present company?

Ans : You can tell any of the following points:

  1. I would really love to be part of your project from beginning to end, and I know I’d have that opportunity here.
  2. In my current role, I’ve learned many new skills. I’m looking for a position in which I can continue to grow that skill set in new circumstances.”
  3. I’ve learned a lot in my current role, but I’m looking for an opportunity that provides more challenges as I continue developing my skills and abilities.”

Q 46.Tell me your 5 strong point?

Ans: Tell the following points with cleverness:

  1.  Flexibility to handle any situation.
  2. Good Communication.
  3. Work under pressure.
  4. Dedication.
  5. Honesty

Q 47.Tell me your achievement in your carrier?

Ans: Tell any of the below point confidently:

  1. Re-organized something to make it work better
  2. Identified a problem and solved it
  3. Come up with a new idea that improved things
  4. Developed or implemented new procedures or systems
  5. Worked on special projects
  6. Received awards/Certificates

Q 48.What is your salary expectation?

Ans; This is your most important negotiation. Never  tell lie about what you currently  having, but feel free to include the estimated cost of all your fringes, which could well tack on 25 -30% more to your present “cash-only”salary.

Q 49 .How much time you required to join?

Ans: Always says one month but handle this situation very calmly, if you are ideal & have no job, can say within 7 days.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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QUALITY CONTROL ENGINEER INTERVIEW QUESTION & ANSWER

In this competitive market , facing interview is very difficult , if you’re trying to find employment that is expounded to Quality Control Engineer in highway project & you wish to organize for the 2020 highway project Quality Control Interview queries. it’s true that each interview is completely different as per the various job profiles. Here, we’ve got ready the necessary Quality Control Interview question and answers which is able to assist you get success in your interview.

In this article, we have a tendency to shall gift fifty two  most vital and often asked Interview question in big and reputed organization like L&T , Afcons & Tata consultancy etc. These interview can be in the following trend:

  • Q 1 . Tell me about yourself in brief ?
  • Ans: “Hello, my name is XYZ. I am a professional with a degree/diploma in Civil Engg in 20xx . My qualifications include xyz years of experience in infrastructure project especially in Highway Project & deals with quality control aspect.
  • I started my carrier with building project with XXX(Name of First company) as a Diploma / Degree Trainee Engineer and after that gone to YYY (Name of second company) as Quality Control Engineer ; after 2017 , I engaged in highway project and joined in ZZZ (Name of third company) & successfully completed one/two National /State highway project.
  • At present, I am responsible for Soil/Concrete/ GSB/Bituminous work & assisting my boss to doing concrete /GSB /CTB /Bituminous mix design.

Q 2. What is the name of your Material Engineer?

Ans : The name of my material Engineer is Mr xyz

Q 3. What is the minimum CBR of subgrade soil ?

Ans : As per IRC 58-2015 Clause 5.7.3.6 , a minimum CBR of 8 % is recommended for 500 mm of selected soil used as subgrade.

Q 4.What is code reference from which you are performing CBR test with 3 energy level as per MORTH 5 revision ?

Ans : AASHTO Designation: T 193-99 -2003

Q 5. What is the limit of Air Voids , flow & VFB in Dense Bituminous Macadam mix design ?

Ans : The limit of Air voids , flow & VFB is 3 -5% , 2- 4 mm & 65-75% simultaneously.

Q 6.How much staff is working under you , draw the organization chart & show your position ?

Ans : Total xyz staff is working under me is xyz , draw a diagram on your own & make practice.

Q 7.What should be the minimum required density of Subgrade soil as per MORT&H 5th revision ?

Ans : 17.5 KN/m³ or 1.78 gm /cc

Q 8 What is the softening point of VG 30 & VG40 grade bitumen ?

Ans : The softening point of VG30/VG 40 grade bitumen is 47 ºC / 50ºC

Q 9. What will be the maximum allowable size of granular material for subgrade soil as per MORT&H specification ?

Ans : Allowable size of granular material in subgrade is 50 mm

Q 10. What is the maximum Liquid Limit & Plasticity Index allowed in earth work in embankment/subgrade soil ?

Ans :Clay should have Liquid Limit less than 50 % & PI should always be less than 25 %.

Q 11. What is the frequency of taking core for BM/DBM/BC for checking of compaction & thickness of laid layer as per MORT&H 5th revision ?

Ans : One core at 700 m²

Q 12.What is the maximum Aggregate Impact Value of aggregate allowed for Bituminous concrete(BC) work in flexible pavement ?

Ans : AIV should not be more than 24%.

Q 13. What is the minimum cement content & maximum W/C ratio for M 25 RCC concrete for moderate condition as per MORT&H 5TH Revision ?

Ans : Minimum Cement Content 340 Kg & Maximum W/C ratio is 0.45

Q 14. What is the density frequency of compacted layer in Embankment & subgrade/Shoulder ?

Ans : 1 set of 10 test for 3000 m² of Embankment / 1 set of10 test for 2000 m² of Subgrade/Shoulder.

Q 15. What is difference between Specific Gravity & Density ?

Ans :Bulk density is the ratio between soil weight to the total volume of the soil  but Specific Gravity (G) is the ratio of the weight in air of a given volume of soil solids at a stated temperature to the weight in air of an equal volume of distilled water at that temperature . Specific gravity has no unit and it is generally used in design of concrete/bituminous mix.

Q 16. What is the maximum Aggregate Impact Value of aggregate for concrete work ?

Ans : 45%

Q 17 .What is the rate of spray of Prime Coat over WMM ?

Ans : 0.7 -1.0 kg/m²

Q 18.Which IS code specified the specification of aggregates ?

Ans : IS 383-2016

Q 19. How much Kinetic Viscosity of VG 40 bitumen is ?

Ans : The Kinematic Viscosity of VG 40 grade bitumen is 400 cst minimum at 135 º C.

Q 20. What is the dry density of WMM & GSB material in your project ?

Ans : The density of WMM/GSB in our project is 2.23 /2.24 gm/cc

Q 21.What is the minimum cement content & maximum W/C ratio for Pile concrete as per IRC 78 -2014 Cl 709.1.9 ?

Ans : Minimum amount of cement  content 400 kg/m³ & maximum W/C ratio is 0.40

Q 22.What will be the minimum cement content as per IRC SP 49 2014 for DLC mix design ?

Ans : 140 kg / m³

Q 23 .How many samples you take for 900 m² of DLC laying ?

Ans : 3 samples (9 Cubes)

Q2 4. What is the Nominal size of aggregate for grade 1 Bituminous Concrete?

Ans : 19 mm

Q 25.What is the maximum limit of FI+EI for Dense Bituminous Macadam as per MORT& H 5th revision ?

Ans: Maximum FI+EI limit is 35%

Q 26.What is setting time RS1 & SS1 Emulsion?

Ans: 15 to 30 minutes for RS1  & 24 hours for SS1  

Q 27. How many cube mould required for 110 m³ concrete ?

Ans: 4 +1+1=6 samples means 18 cubes as IS 456-2000

Q 28. As per MORT&H 5th revision how many grades of GSB are there?

Ans : Six grades are there.

Q 29. From which IS code  concrete mix design is being done ?

Ans: IS 10262 -2009 now the latest revision introduced IS 10262-2019

Q 30. On what temperature  Kinetic Viscosity test of any bitumen is being done ?

Ans = At 135 º C

Q 31. What is minimum bitumen content as per MORT&H 5th revision in DBM & BC for grade 1 mix ?

Ans : DBM 4.0 % & BC 5.2 % Minimum for the aggregate having specific gravity below 2.7.

Q 32. What is Compaction parameter of Bituminous Concrete ?

Ans : Relative density minimum 92% of Gmm of that day

Q 33. How much water can reduce the Superplasticizer ?

Ans : Practically more than 30 %

Q 34 What is the relation between Air Voids & Density ?

Ans : Air voids is inversely proportional to Density i.e If Air Voids are increasing density will be decreasing & reverse versa

Q 35.In tack coat which type of emulsion is used?

Ans : RS1

Q 36. What is the minimum rolling & laying temperature for VG grade 30 DBM/BC mix ?

Ans : Minimum laying temperature for laying is 140 º C & minimum rolling temperature is 90 º C.

Q 37.In prime coat what type emulsion is used as per MORT&H 5th revision in Indian condition ?

Ans : SS1

Q 38. What is the minimum sand equivalent value of crusher dust if to be used in Bituminous work ?

Ans : 50 %

Q 39.What does mean by VG 40 Bitumen ?

Ans : . Kinematic viscosity at 135º C, is 400 cSt, min.

Q 36. What is the minimum rolling & laying temperature for VG grade 30 DBM/BC mix ?

Ans : Minimum laying temperature for laying is 140 º C & minimum rolling temperature is 90ºC.

Q 37.In prime coat what type emulsion is used as per MORT&H 5th revision in India ?

Ans : SS1

Q 38. What is the minimum sand equivalent value of crusher dust if to be used in Bituminous work ?

Ans : 50 %

Q 39.What does mean by VG 40 Bitumen ?

Ans :  Kinematic viscosity at 135 º C, is 400 cSt, min

Q 45.Can you tell the name of IRC SP guide line for Quality System for road construction highway & Road bridge  ?

Ans: IRC SP 57 – 2000 but now latest revision with change the name also is IRC SP 112 -2017 & IRC SP 47-1998 for Road Bridge

Q 46. Which apparatus is used for softening point ?

Ans : Ring & ball apparatus

Q 47. What is the Rate of spread of Prime coat/Tack Coat ?

Ans: Three test per day

Q 48.Why you want to leave your present company?

1.I’d really love to be part of your project from beginning to end, and I know I’d have that opportunity here.

2. In my current role, I’ve learned many new skills. I’m looking for a position in which I can continue to grow that skill set in new circumstances.”.

3. I’ve learned a lot in my current role, but I’m looking for an opportunity that provides more challenges as I continue developing my skills and abilities.”

Q 49.Tell me your 5 strong point?

Ans: 1.Flexibility to handle any situation

2. Good Communication

3.Work under pressure

4.Dedication

5.Honesty

Q 50.Tell me your achievement in your carrier?

1.Re-organized something to make it work better

2.Identified a problem and solved it

3.Developed or implemented new procedures or systems

4.5.Worked on special projects

Received awards/Certificate

Q 51.What is your salary expectation?

Ans: This is your most important negotiation. Never lie about what you currently make, but feel free to include the estimated cost of all your fringes, which could well tack on 25 -30% more to your present “cash-only” salary.

Q 52.How much time you required to join ?

Ans: Always says one month but handle this situation very calmly. if you are ideal & have no job , can say within 7 days.

 

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